1	SecureWater SecureWater: Building sustainable livelihoods for the poor into demand responsive approaches Delhi Workshop, 17^thFebruary 2005 Tom Slaymaker & Alan Nicol Water Policy Programme Overseas Development Institute
2	Objectives In the context of a global shift in water policy… (supply-led to demand driven, growing focus on poverty reduction) Specifically evolution of demand responsive approaches (DRA) to WSS (ongoing policy and institutional changes – changing concerns) To examine challenges associated with implementation (nature of demand for water, institutional responses) To understand net impact on poor water users (improved access, sustainability, poverty reduction)
3	Activities Partners: ODI, ITDG, BGS, Save UK, WSP, Southampton University, Water Resources Secretariat Inception Phase (Sept 01-May 02) Scoping studies 5 countries: Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, India, Sri Lanka Methods and tools workshop Sri Lanka May 2002 SecureWater film/exhibition (World Water Forum) Main Research Phase (Jan 03-Mar 04) In-depth research in India and Sri Lanka (+ Kenya) National level workshops in Sri Lanka (Dec 03) and India (Mar 04) Consultations with govt partners (NWSDB, APARD, RGDWM) Piloting & Dissemination (Apr 04-Mar 05) Research reports by Apr 04, journal articles Mar 05 Ongoing participatory development of decision support tools In-country piloting/training in the use of DST
4	Issues surrounding ‘demand’ Changing livelihoods affect demand for services (basic needs, livelihood needs, competing uses, future trends) The way demand is articulated matters (defining ‘community’, participation, empowerment, preference & use) User choice needs to be informed/facilitated (least cost or best available, livelihood trade-offs, ‘drop-outs’) Demand-driven or simply supply-led plus participation? (balancing demand for higher level services with equity in basic services)
5	Issues surrounding ‘response’ Success depends on a framework of demand-responsive support organisations (TA, supply chains, private sector, sustainable at what level?) Capacity of CBOs to manage and fund WSS (cost recovery, tariffs, cross-subsidies, management ‘environment’) Difficulties of managing/regulating water use (limited menu of service options, additional costs of metering) Feasibility of implementing sophisticated approaches (multiple tech options, capacity for targeting, transparency & accountability)
6	Decision Support Tools Improve understanding of linkages between water, poverty and livelihoods Enhance planning and implementation of demand based WSS programmes Highlight challenges faced at different levels and in different environments Help identify appropriate measures for dealing with challenges faced (focus on problem solving) An open forum for exchange of ideas and a shared resource for decision makers
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